PEMILIHAN MEDIKAMEN INTRAKANAL PADA PERAWATAN SALURAN AKAR

Rina Permatasari, Mega Irbahani

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: perawatan saluran akar (PSA) bertujuan untuk mengeliminasi bakteri yang menyebabkan infeksi pada jaringan pulpa gigi dan periapikal. Keberhasilan PSA secara langsung dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan untuk mengeliminasi mikroorganisme yang terdapat pada saluran akar yang terinfeksi salah satunya dengan cara disinfeksi ruang pulpa dengan medikamen intrakanal. Medikamen intrakanal didefinisikan sebagai penempatan sementara obat-obatan dengan biokompatibilitas yang baik ke dalam saluran akar. Tujuan: menjelaskan pemilihan medikamen intrakanal pada saat melakukan perawatan saluran akar. Metode: bersumber dari jurnal, textbooks dan website yang diakses melalui database Google Scholar, Science Direct dan PubMed. Pencarian literatur diseleksi oleh kriteria inklusi berupa tahun terbit 2012 – 2022, menggunakan bahasa Inggris, tersedia artikel lengkap, dan sesuai dengan topik yang dibahas. Literatur dieliminasi dengan kriteria eksklusi berupa tidak menyebutkan spesifikasi bahan, topik kurang relevan, dan tidak menyebutkan metode penelitian. Hasil: sebanyak 35 referensi yang ditemukan. Setelah dianalisis berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, eksklusi dan pembacaan abstrak yang tersedia, terdapat 16 yang dipilih dan 19 artikel termasuk kriteria eksklusi. Setelah 16 jurnal dibaca terdapat 8 artikel yang tidak dimasukkan berdasarkan kriteria inkulusi dan terdapat 8 artikel yang masuk dalam tinjauan integratif. Kesimpulan: bahan medikamen saluran akar yang dapat menjadi pilihan diantaranya kalsium hidroksida dan klorheksidin. Kalsium hidroksida masih menjadi bahan medikamen pilihan yang paling populer dan umum digunakan sebagai bahan medikamen intrakanal pada perawatan saluran akar, tetapi kalsium hidroksida tidak efektif untuk membasmi Enterococcus faecalis. Klorheksidin sebagai medikamen intrakanal lebih efektif untuk membasmi mikroorganisme Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, dan Candida albicans.

 

Kata kunci: medikamen intrakanal, perawatan saluran akar, kalsium hidroksida, klorheksidin

 

ABSTRACT

Background: root canal treatment (RCT) aims to eliminate bacteria that cause infection in the dental pulp tissue and periapical. The success of RCT is directly influenced by the ability to eliminate microorganisms present in infected root canals, one of which is by disinfection of the pulp chamber with intracanal medicaments. The intracanal medicament is defined as the temporary placement of drugs with good biocompatibility into the root canal. Purpose: to explain the choice of the intracanal medicament when performing root canal treatment. Method: based on sources obtained from journals, textbooks, and websites accessed through the Google Scholar Science Direct and PubMed database. The literature search was filtered by publication year (i.e.2010–2020 ), the language used (English), availability of full article version, and literatures that discussing the same or similar to the topic. Some literatures were excluded if they didn’t mention the specified material, less relevant, and literature that didn’t discussed its research method.. Results: a total of 35 references were found. After being analyzed based on the inclusion, exclusion criteria, and reading of the available abstract, there were 16 selected and 19 excluded articles. After 16 journals were read, 8 articles were excluded based on inclusion criteria and 8 articles found that were included in the integrative. Conclusion: root canal medicament materials that can be selected include calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine. Calcium hydroxide is still the most popular medicament of choice and is commonly used as an intracanal medicament in root canal treatment, but calcium hydroxide is not effective for eradicating Enterococcus faecalis. Chlorhexidine as an intracanal medicament is more effective for eradicating microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalisand Candida albicans.

 

Keywords: intracanal medicament, root canal treatment, calcium hidroxide, chlorhexidine

 


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