HUBUNGAN FAKTOR INSTRINSIK DAN EKSTRINSIK TERHADAP STATUS EROSI GIGI PADA KELOMPOK MAHASISWA USIA 18-19 TAHUN DI DKI JAKARTA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Erosi gigi telah menjadi keadaan yang umum terjadi di seluruh dunia dengan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi di semua kelompok usia. Di Indonesia, data erosi gigi masih sedikit karena belum menjadi perhatian oleh klinisi dan pemerintah. Erosi gigi masih cenderung diabaikan, padahal dampaknya dapat berupa reaksi hipersensitif gigi, membutuhkan perawatan kompleks dengan biaya yang tinggi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi (intrinsik dan ekstrinsik) terhadap status kejadian erosi gigi pada kelompok mahasiswa berusia 18-19 tahun di DKI Jakarta. Metode penelitian: Survei epidemiologi dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional, dan metode pemilihan sampel dengan multistage cluster propotional to size random sampling, serta diuji dengan uji analitik yaitu Uji Mann-Whiteney. Data primer berupa klinis oral (erosi gigi) dan kuesioner tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Hasil penelitian: Dari total responden 560 mahasiswa, yang memiliki habit minum minuman asam seperti teh sitrus, softdrink, jus buah, suplemen vit C, mayoritas tergolong jarang (63-84%); yang memiliki habit berenang mayoritas tergolong jarang (96%); dan yang memiliki habit menyikat gigi lebih dari 2x/hari didominasi sebesar 92%; serta mayoritas responden tidak memiliki gangguan pencernaan (58%). Sebanyak 97% responden memiliki erosi gigi, dengan keterlibatan dentin yang terbanyak yaitu sebesar 51%, dan dengan skor rerata BEWE=1,49+0,564. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan memiliki gangguan pencernaan terbukti berhubungan secara signifikan dengan terjadinya erosi gigi (p=0.023). Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar responden penelitian mengalami erosi gigi, yang melibatkan dentin, dan disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan pencernaan (faktor intrinsik).
Kata kunci: Erosi gigi, faktor intrinsik-ekstrinsik, mahasiswa, usia 18-19 tahun
ABSTRACT
Background: Tooth erosion become a common condition throughout the world with a high incidence in all age groups. In Indonesia, dental erosion data is still rare because it has not been a concern of clinicians and government. Tooth erosion still tends to be ignored, even though the impact can be a tooth hypersensitive reaction and requiring complex treatments with high costs. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship of contributing factors (instrinsic and extrimsic) to dental erosion status in a group of college students aged 18-19 years in DKI Jakarta. Method: An epidemiological survey with a cross-sectional study design, sample selection method with multistage cluster proportional to size random sampling, and analysis bivariate by Mann-Whitney Test. Primary data came from the oral clinical (tooth erosion) and a questionnaire about oral health. Results: From total of 560 respondents, who have habit of drinking acidic beverages such as citrus tea, soft drinks, fruit juices, vitamin C supplements majority classified as rare (63-84%); who have swimming habit majority classified as rare (96%); who have brushing teeth of 2x/day habit are dominated by 92%; and majority of respondents do not have digestive disorders (58%). A total of 97% of respondents had dental erosion, with the most involvement of dentin (51%), and with a mean score of BEWE=1.49+0.564. The bivariate test showed that digestive disorders was significantly associated with tooth erosion (p=0.023). Conclusion: Most of the respondents in this study experienced dental erosion, which involved the dentin, and was caused by a digestive disorder (instrinsic factor).
Keywords: Tooth erosion, instrinsic and extrimsic factors, college students, aged 18-19 years old
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