PENGARUH KEMUNCULAN ISIS TERHADAP REGIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX TIMUR TENGAH (2012 – 2019)

Muhammad Andi Firdaus

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh ISIS terhadap dinamika keamanan kawasan Timur Tengah selama kemunculannya dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2019. Akan dijelaskan pula alasan mengapa ISIS mampu menjadi fokus perhatian internasional beberapa tahun terakhir dan menggantikan posisi al – Qaeda sebagai kelompok teroris paling dimusuhi di dunia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Sumber-sumber penelitian ini didapat melalui buku-buku, jurnal, artikel, dan berita online. Kerangka teori yang digunakan yaitu Regional Security Complex Theory yang dirumuskan oleh Barry Buzan dan Ole Waever. Teori ini menyatakan bahwasanya dinamika keamanan kawasan memiliki empat variabel utama yaitu boundary, anarchic structure, polarity, dan social construct, dimana dengan melihat kondisi keempat variabel ini di suatu waktu, peneliti Hubungan Internasional dapat melihat arah perubahan kawasan yang memiliki tiga kemungkinan, yaitu external transformation dimana kawasan membesar atau mengecil, internal transformation dimana kawasan mengalami perubahan interaksi dan dinamika keamanan, serta status quo, dimana kawasan sama sekali tidak mengalami perubahan wilayah maupun interaksi dinamika keamanan. Regional Security Complex Theory juga mencakup bahasan tentang masuknya kekuatan asing ke dalam kawasan yaitu external penetration.

Keywords


Regional Security Complex; Timur Tengah; ISIS; Iraq; Suriah

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References


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