Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Tempe melalui Pendekatan FMEA (Studi Kasus: UMKM Jadah Tempe Mbah Carik)

Andy Nurul Yunita Pettalolo, Sela Ardianti, Rahman Rahman, Windi Anggraeni

Abstract


Penelitian ini mengkaji pengendalian kualitas produk tempe pada UMKM Jadah Tempe Mbah Carik dengan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis risiko. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kegagalan kualitas dalam proses produksi, menentukan tingkat risiko setiap kegagalan, serta merumuskan prioritas perbaikan melalui metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan memadukan observasi kualitatif dan penilaian risiko kuantitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung proses produksi, wawancara dengan pemilik dan pekerja, serta penilaian parameter severity, occurrence, dan detection. Data sekunder bersumber dari catatan produksi dan literatur terkait. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa potensi kegagalan kualitas paling kritis terjadi pada tahap fermentasi, pengendalian kualitas bahan baku, dan ketidakmerataan pencampuran ragi. Failure mode tersebut menghasilkan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) tertinggi dan berdampak signifikan terhadap mutu produk. Analisis lanjutan menggunakan diagram sebab-akibat menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan kualitas terutama disebabkan oleh ketidakkonsistenan prosedur kerja, keterbatasan pengendalian lingkungan produksi, serta praktik kerja yang belum terstandarisasi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa penerapan FMEA yang terintegrasi dengan analisis akar penyebab efektif dalam mendukung pengendalian kualitas preventif pada UMKM pangan.

Keywords


pengendalian kualitas; FMEA; produksi tempe; UMKM pangan; analisis risiko

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