DIAGNOSIS GANGGUAN SENDI TEMPOROMANDIBULAR PADA KASUS KEHILANGAN GIGI DENGAN METODE DC/TMD

Bimo Rintoko, Selvia Farida, Lisa Prihastari

Abstract


Latar belakang: gangguan sendi temporomandibular atau Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) yang ditandai dengan nyeri kraniofasial yang meliputi sendi pada rahang, otot pengunyahan, atau otot yang mensyarafi kepala dan leher. Penyebab TMD bersifat multifaktorial antara lain dikarenakan faktor kehilangan gigi dan memiliki kebiasaan buruk. Protokol DC/TMD yang baru merupakan protokol pemeriksaan TMD yang sangat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan sebagai protokol klinis dan penelitian dokter gigi. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui prevalensi hasil diagnosis TMD dengan metode DC/TMD, mengetahui macam-macam penyakit TMD yang dialami dan hubungannya dengan status kehilangan gigi pada mahasiswa akademik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas YARSI. Metode: penelitian mengunakan desain analitik cross-sectional dengan sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 150 mahasiswa tahun akademik 2018/2019 berusia 19-23 tahun yang diambil dengan cara total sampling. Subyek penelitian telah diminta untuk menyetujui dan menandatangani informed consent terlebih dahulu oleh peneliti. Data diperoleh dari hasil untuk anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik dengan diagnosis TMD menggunakan protokol DC/TMD berdasarkan Internasional RDC/TMD Consortium Network yang telah dialih bahasakan ke Bahasa Indonesia. Data hasil pemeriksaan diolah menggunakan software statistik SPSS dengan uji univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: sebanyak 48% mahasiswa memiliki kehilangan gigi, 62% mahasiswa didiagnosis memiliki TMD, dan hasil analisis hubungan menggunakan uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan bermakna antara kehilangan gigi dengan TMD (p-value= 0,024; p<0,05). Kesimpulan: kehilangan gigi terbukti berhubungan dengan kejadian gangguan sendi temporomandibular.


Keywords


DC/TMD; Kehilangan Gigi; Temporomandibular Disorder; Sendi; Mahasiswa

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32509/jitekgi.v18i1.1881

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