INFLAMASI GUSI DAN KARIES GIGI PADA IBU HAMIL SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN STATUS GIZI DI KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG, BANTEN TAHUN 2021

Lisa Prihastari, Putri Syaviera, Salsabila Putri, Sonya Priyadharsini, Djuned Prasonto, Bimo Rintoko, Hesti Witasari

Abstract


Latar belakang: wanita yang sedang hamil lebih rentan terhadap penyakit periodontal dan karies gigi yang nantinya akan mempengaruhi status gizi mereka. Kebiasaan oral hygiene dan pola makan ibu hamil juga berkaitan erat dengan penyakit periodontal dan karies gigi. Tujuan: mengetahui gambaran status kesehatan periodontal dan karies gigi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Pandeglang dan menganalisis hubungannya dengan status gizi mereka. Metode: penelitian analitik crosssectional dengan 89 responden ibu hamil di wilayah Kabupaten Pandeglang, provinsi Banten usia 17-45 tahun disurvey dan diperiksa menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui kebiasan oral hygiene, pola diet makanan dan sosiodemografi. Pemeriksaan rongga mulut dengan Modified Gingival Index (MGI) dan Decay Missing Filling Teeth (DMFT) serta dilakukan pengukuran Body Mass Index (BMI) dan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA). Analisis statistik
yang digunakan adalah uji non parametrik dan uji korelasi dengan SPSS. Hasil: prevalensi subyek yang memiliki inflamasi berat adalah 8% (7 responden) dan paling banyak ibu hamil mengalami 56% (50 responden) sedangkan untuk tingkat karies gigi tinggi adalah 9% (8 responden) dan paling banyak mengalami tingkat karies sedang yaitu 29,2% (26 responden). Hasil pemeriksaan BMI yaitu paling sedikit responden memiliki kategori kurus sebanyak 4 responden (4,5%), dan paling banyak pada kategori normal sebanyak 28 responden (31,5%). Hasil uji Non Parametrik
menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara konsumsi buah dan sayur dengan kejadian MGI (p < 0,05) dan terdapat korelasi antara skor BMI dan Skor LILA. Kesimpulan: tingkat inflamasi gusi ibu hamil paling banyak adalah inflamasi ringan (56%) dan tingkat karies gigi sangat rendah (37%). Skor MGI dan DMFT tidak berhubungan dengan BMI dan LILA pada responden ibu hamil dalam penelitian ini.


Keywords


BMI, DMFT, karies gigi, kehamilan, periodontal, status gizi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32509/jitekgi.v19i1.2211

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